# 🐸 a database management tui for postgres


a database management tui for postgres

[![rainfrog demo](https://github.com/achristmascarl/rainfrog/raw/main/vhs/demo.gif align="left")](https://github.com/achristmascarl/rainfrog/blob/main/vhs/demo.gif)

**Warning**

rainfrog is currently in beta; the mysql and sqlite drivers are unstable.

the goal for rainfrog is to provide a lightweight, terminal-based alternative to pgadmin/dbeaver.

## features

* efficient navigation via vim-like keybindings and mouse controls
    
* query editor with keyword highlighting and session history
    
* quickly copy data, filter tables, and switch between schemas
    
* shortcuts to view table metadata and properties
    
* cross-platform (macOS, linux, windows, android via termux)
    

### why "rainfrog"?

> [frogs find refuge in elephant tracks](https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2019/06/190604131157.htm)

### supported databases

rainfrog has mainly been tested with postgres, and postgres will be the primary database targeted. **mysql and sqlite are also supported, but they are currently unstable**; use with caution, and check out the [known issues](https://github.com/achristmascarl/rainfrog#known-issues-and-limitations) section for things to look out for!

## disclaimer

this software is currently under active development; expect breaking changes, and use at your own risk. it is not recommended to use this tool with write access on a production database.

## installation

### cargo

after installing rust (recommended to do so via [rustup](https://www.rust-lang.org/tools/install)):

```basic
cargo install rainfrog
```

### arch linux

arch linux users can install from the [official repositories](https://archlinux.org/packages/extra/x86_64/rainfrog) using [pacman](https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/pacman):

```basic
pacman -S rainfrog
```

### termux

if you are using [termux](https://termux.dev/), you'll need to install rust via their package manager:

```basic
pkg install rust
```

and then make sure to install with termux features (and disable default features):

```basic
cargo install rainfrog --features termux --no-default-features
```

### nix

```basic
nix-env -iA nixos.rainfrog
```

### install script

there is a simple install script that assists in downloading and unpacking a binary from the release page to `~/.local/bin/`, which you might want to add to your `PATH` variable if it isn't already there. you'll need to select which binary is appropriate for your system (if you're not sure, you can find out by installing rust and running `rustc -vV` to see the "host" target), and the script also needs [jq](https://github.com/jqlang/jq) and [fzf](https://github.com/junegunn/fzf) installed to run.

```basic
curl -LSsf https://raw.githubusercontent.com/achristmascarl/rainfrog/main/install.sh | bash
```

### release page binaries

1. manually download and unpack the appropriate binary for your os from the latest [release](https://github.com/achristmascarl/rainfrog/releases) (if you're not sure which binary to pick, you can find out by installing rust and running `rustc -vV` to see the "host" target)
    
2. move the binary to a folder in your `PATH` environment variable
    

## usage

```basic
Usage: rainfrog [OPTIONS]

Options:
  -M, --mouse <MOUSE_MODE>   Whether to enable mouse event support. If enabled, the default mouse event handling for your terminal
                             will not work. [possible values: true, false]
  -u, --url <URL>            Full connection URL for the database, e.g. postgres://username:password@localhost:5432/dbname
      --username <USERNAME>  Username for database connection
      --password <PASSWORD>  Password for database connection
      --host <HOST>          Host for database connection (ex. localhost)
      --port <PORT>          Port for database connection (ex. 5432)
      --database <DATABASE>  Name of database for connection (ex. postgres)
      --driver <DRIVER>      Driver for database connection (ex. postgres)
  -h, --help                 Print help
  -V, --version              Print version
```

### with connection options

if any options are not provided, you will be prompted to input them. if you do not provide an input, that option will default to what is in your environment variables.

```basic
rainfrog \
  --driver <db_driver> \
  --username <username> \
  --host <hostname> \
  --port <db_port> \
  --database <db_name>
```

### with connection url

the `connection_url` must include all the necessary options for connecting to the database (ex. `postgres://username:password@localhost:5432/postgres`). it will take precedence over all connection options.

```basic
rainfrog --url $(connection_url)
```

### `docker run`

for postgres and mysql, you can run it by specifying all of the options as environment variables:

```basic
docker run --platform linux/amd64 -it --rm --name rainfrog \
  --add-host host.docker.internal:host-gateway \
  -e db_driver="db_driver" \
  -e username="<username>" \
  -e password="<password>" \
  -e hostname="host.docker.internal" \
  -e db_port="<db_port>" \
  -e db_name="<db_name>" achristmascarl/rainfrog:latest
```

if you want to provide a custom combination of options and omit others, you can override the Dockerfile's CMD like so:

```basic
docker run --platform linux/amd64 -it --rm --name rainfrog \
  achristmascarl/rainfrog:latest \
  rainfrog # overrides CMD, additional options would come after
```

since sqlite is file-based, you may need to mount a path to the sqlite db as a volume in order to access it:

```basic
docker run --platform linux/amd64 -it --rm --name rainfrog \
  -v ~/code/rainfrog/dev/rainfrog.sqlite3:/rainfrog.sqlite3 \
  achristmascarl/rainfrog:latest \
  rainfrog --url sqlite:///rainfrog.sqlite3
```

## customization

rainfrog can be customized by placing a `rainfrog_config.toml` file in one of the following locations depending on your os, as determined by the [directories](https://crates.io/crates/directories) crate:

| Platform | Value | Example |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Linux | `$XDG_CONFIG_HOME`/`_project_path_` or `$HOME`/.config/`_project_path_` | /home/alice/.config/barapp |
| macOS | `$HOME`/Library/Application Support/`_project_path_` | /Users/Alice/Library/Application Support/com.Foo-Corp.Bar-App |
| Windows | `{FOLDERID_LocalAppData}`\\`_project_path_`\\config | C:\\Users\\Alice\\AppData\\Local\\Foo Corp\\Bar App\\config |

you can change the default config location by exporting an environment variable. to make the change permanent, add it to your .zshrc/.bashrc/.\*rc file:

```basic
export RAINFROG_CONFIG=~/.config
```

### settings

right now, the only setting available is whether rainfrog captures mouse events by default. capturing mouse events allows you to change focus and scroll using the mouse. however, your terminal will not handle mouse events like it normally does (you won't be able to copy by highlighting, for example).

### keybindings

you can customize some of the default keybindings, but not all of them. to see a list of the ones you can customize, see the default config file at [.config/rainfrog\_config.toml](https://github.com/achristmascarl/rainfrog/blob/main/.config/rainfrog_config.toml). below are the default keybindings.

#### general

| keybinding | description |
| --- | --- |
| `Ctrl+c` | quit program |
| `Alt+1`, `Ctrl+k` | change focus to menu |
| `Alt+2`, `Ctrl+j` | change focus to query editor |
| `Alt+3`, `Ctrl+h` | change focus to results |
| `Alt+4`, `Ctrl+g` | change focus to query history |
| `Tab` | cycle focus forwards |
| `Shift+Tab` | cycle focus backwards |
| `q`, `Alt+q` in query editor | abort current query |

#### menu (list of schemas and tables)

| keybinding | description |
| --- | --- |
| `j`, `↓` | move selection down by 1 |
| `k`, `↑` | move selection up by 1 |
| `g` | jump to top of current list |
| `G` | jump to bottom of current list |
| `h`, `←` | focus on schemas (if more than 1) |
| `l`, `→` | focus on tables |
| `/` | filter tables |
| `Esc` | clear search |
| `Backspace` | focus on tables |
| `Enter` when searching | focus on tables |
| `Enter` with selected schema | focus on tables |
| `Enter` with selected table | preview table (100 rows) |
| `R` | reload schemas and tables |

#### query editor

Keybindings may not behave exactly like Vim. The full list of active Vim keybindings in Rainfrog can be found at [vim.rs](https://github.com/achristmascarl/rainfrog/blob/main/src/vim.rs).

| Keybinding | Description |
| --- | --- |
| `Alt+Enter`, `F5` | Execute query |
| `j`, `↓` | Move cursor down 1 line |
| `k`, `↑` | Move cursor up 1 line |
| `h`, `←` | Move cursor left 1 char |
| `l`, `→` | Move cursor right 1 char |
| `w` | Move cursor to next start of word |
| `e` | Move cursor to next end of word |
| `b` | Move cursor to previous start of word |
| `0` | Move cursor to beginning of line |
| `$` | Move cursor to end of line |
| `gg` | Jump to top of editor |
| `G` | Jump to bottom of current list |
| `Esc` | Return to normal mode |
| `i` | Enter insert (edit) mode |
| `I` | Enter insert mode at beginning of line |
| `A` | Enter insert mode at end of line |
| `o` | Insert new line below and enter insert |
| `v` | Enter visual (select) mode |
| `V` | Enter visual mode and select line |
| `r` | Begin replace operation |
| `y` | Begin yank (copy) operation |
| `x` | Begin cut operation |
| `p` | Paste from clipboard |
| `u` | Undo |
| `Ctrl+r` | Redo |
| `Ctrl+e` | Scroll down |
| `Ctrl+y` | Scroll up |

#### query history

| keybinding | description |
| --- | --- |
| `j`, `↓` | move selection down by 1 |
| `k`, `↑` | move selection up by 1 |
| `g` | jump to top of list |
| `G` | jump to bottom of list |
| `y` | copy selected query |
| `I` | edit selected query in editor |
| `D` | delete all history |

#### results

| keybinding | description |
| --- | --- |
| `j`, `↓` | scroll down by 1 row |
| `k`, `↑` | scroll up by 1 row |
| `h`, `←` | scroll left by 1 cell |
| `l`, `→` | scroll right by 1 cell |
| `b` | scroll right by 1 cell |
| `e`, `w` | scroll left by 1 column |
| `{`, `PageUp`, `Ctrl+b` | jump up one page |
| `}`, `PageDown`, `Ctrl+f` | jump down one page |
| `g` | jump to top of table |
| `G` | jump to bottom of table |
| `0` | jump to first column |
| `$` | jump to last column |
| `v` | select individual field |
| `V` | select row |
| `Enter` | change selection mode inwards |
| `Backspace` | change selection mode outwards |
| `y` | copy selection |
| `Esc` | stop selecting |

## roadmap

<details><summary><b>🏁 v0.1.0 – alpha</b></summary><ul><li></li><li></li><li></li><li></li><li></li><li></li><li></li><li></li><li></li><li></li><li></li><li></li><li></li><li></li></ul></details>

<details><summary><b>🏁 v0.2.0 – beta</b></summary><ul><li></li><li></li><li></li><li></li><li></li><li></li><li></li><li></li><li></li></ul></details>

now that rainfrog is in beta, check out the [issues tab](https://github.com/achristmascarl/rainfrog/issues) for planned features

## known issues and limitations

* geometry types are not currently supported
    
* in sqlite, `EXPLAIN QUERY PLAN` does not work due to an issue with the sql parser; see [#106](https://github.com/achristmascarl/rainfrog/issues/106)
    
* for x11 and wayland, yanking does not copy to the system clipboard, only to the query editor's buffer. see [#83](https://github.com/achristmascarl/rainfrog/issues/83)
    
* in addition to the experience being subpar if the terminal window is too small, if the terminal window is too large, rainfrog will crash due to the maximum area of ratatui buffers being `u16::MAX` (65,535). more details in [#60](https://github.com/achristmascarl/rainfrog/issues/60)
    
* for query results with many columns, the height of the rendered `Table` widget may be limited due to the same limitation mentioned above. Could be fixed by [ratatui/ratatui#1250](https://github.com/ratatui/ratatui/issues/1250)
    
* on mac, for VS Code and terminal (and perhaps other editors), a setting for "use option as meta key" needs to be turned on for Alt/Opt keybindings to work. (In VS Code, it's `"terminal.integrated.macOptionIsMeta": true`; in kitty, it's `macos_option_as_alt yes` in the config.)
    
* in visual mode, when selecting an entire line, the behavior is not the same as vim's, as it simply moves starts the selection at the head of the line, so moving up or down in lines will break the selection.
    
* mouse events are only used for changing focus and scrolling; the editor does not currently support mouse events, and menu items cannot be selected using the mouse
    

you can find other reported issues in the [issues tab](https://github.com/achristmascarl/rainfrog/issues)

## Contributing

for bug reports and feature requests, please [create an issue](https://github.com/achristmascarl/rainfrog/issues/new/choose).

please read [CONTRIBUTING.md](https://github.com/achristmascarl/rainfrog/blob/main/CONTRIBUTING.md) before opening issues or creating PRs.

## acknowledgements

* [ratatui](https://github.com/ratatui-org/ratatui) (this project used ratatui's [component template](https://github.com/ratatui-org/templates/tree/983aa3cb3b8dd743200e8e2a1faa6e7c06aad85e/component/template) as a starting point)
    
* [tui-textarea](https://github.com/rhysd/tui-textarea) (used in the query editor)
    
* [gobang](https://github.com/TaKO8Ki/gobang) (a rust db tui i drew inspiration from)
    
* [ricky rainfrog](https://us.jellycat.com/ricky-rain-frog/)
    
* [rainfroggg](https://www.rainfrog.gg/) (my wife's tattoo studio)